The complete issue

Vol. XII, No. 3
(32 pages)

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Cover image
A sixth-plate tintype from the Richard Tibbals Collection is captioned “I miss you, Daddy. Keep safe and come home soon.”

Editor’s Desk (p. 1)
A guest editorial by Randy Beck and Dick Tibbals introduces the theme of this issue, Illinois troops in the Civil War. More than 20 individuals contributed photographs.

Mail Call (p. 3)
The letters to the editor include feedback on the recent chasseur Uniforms & History column, and a comment about modern photographs used to illustrate a story in the last issue about Alexander Gardner’s “Harvest of Death” photograph.

Passing in Review (p. 5)
Five publications are mentioned: The First Golden Age of Rocketry (Smithsonian Institution Press) by Frank H. Winter, Custer’s Last Trooper (video by Bill Armstrong Productions), Gathering Laurels in Mexico: The Diary of an American Soldier in the Mexican American War (The Cottage Press) by Chauncey Forward Sargent, edited by Ann Brown Janes, North Carolina Troops, 1861-1865: A Roster, Volume XII (North Carolina Division of Archives and History) edited by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr. and An Introduction to Civil War Small Arms (Thomas Publications) by Earl J. Coates and Dean Thomas.

Illinois Troops in the Civil War (pp. 6-27)
More than 250,000 men from Illinois served in the Union army during the Civil War, the fourth highest total in the states. A total of 71 photographs, mostly portraits, are pictures soldiers who wore the blue between 1861 and 1865. The images are arranged in sections with introductory text: Introduction, Rush to the Colors, Cavalry, Family Ties, Infantrymen, Gunners and The Vacant Chair. The vast majority of portraits are identified. Examples include Patton W. John of the 32^nd Infantry, John Cook of the Springfield Zouave Grays, Samuel Sines of the 25^th Illinois, Henry Clay Carico of the 1^st Cavalry, George Wilson of the 2^nd Cavalry, Newton Smith of the 14^th Cavalry, Allen Fahnestock of the 86^th Infantry, John McArthur of the 12^th Illinois Infantry, Thomas Humphrey of the 95^th Infantry and Chris Zoller of the 34^th Infantry.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (p. 29)
In “39^th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry ‘The Yates Phalanx’ 1861-1865,” McAfee incudes a portrait of Minor W. Milliman of the 39^th to illustrate the origins of the regiment’s uniform and to provide an account of the regiment’s history.

Stragglers (pp. 30-31)
Four images are included in this installment, including battle flags of the 63^rd New York Infantry, two images that date from the Spanish-American War and an Italian woman clothed in a dress that appears to have been adapted from the Stars and Stripes.

Sutlers’ Row (p. 32)

Back cover
A hard-plate image from the Steve Sullivan Collection is a portrait of James Reed of the 17^th Illinois Infantry. He suffered a wound at the Battle of Shiloh that proved mortal.

The complete issue

Vol. XXXV, No. 1
(72 pages)

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Cover image
A sixth-plate ambrotype from the Rick Brown Collection pictures a Union soldier with his wife and child in a warm embrace.
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Table of Contents (p. 1)
Download (free)

Editor’s Desk (p. 2)
In “History Revealed, One Photo at a Time,” the editor highlights the contributions of Chuck Winans and Glenn Hilburn, who both shared historically significant images in the issue. He notes, “Many more historically significant images await discovery in attics, basements and elsewhere in homes across the country. When you pause to consider that interest in these portraits is a relatively recent phenomenon that dates to the 1960s, it is perhaps fitting that these images have only now come to light. I’m excited for more such individuals to step forward and share their discoveries and stories in MI.”
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Mail Call (p. 3)
Feedback includes comments about the insignia and equipment from “Colts, Knives and Cigars” (Autumn 2016) and the identification of two Zouaves.
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Passing in Review (p. 4)
The Civil War Trust’s Civil War In4 video collection is an engaging series that has something to offer for the expert and the novice. Garry Adelman and a series of guest hosts explore a range of topics.
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Photo Sleuth by Kurt Luther (pp. 6-7)
A “guest sleuth” column features the experience of Laura Elliott of Rainbow City, Ala. She submitted a wonderful story about her recent success in identifying a Confederate ambrotype in the Liljenquist Family Collection of Civil War Photographs at the Library of Congress.

The Honored Few (p. 8)
In “A Ditch Too Far,” we meet William J. Archinal of the 30^th Ohio Infantry. A German immigrant, Archinal was one of 150 Union infantrymen who volunteered for a “forlorn hope,” the spearhead of a massive Union assault to capture Vicksburg on May 22, 1863. The assault was a failure. A high percentage of the attackers became casualties, including Archinal. He later received the Medal of Honor for his actions.

Antebellum Warriors (p. 10)
A sixth-plate ambrotype from the Kevin Canberg Collection pictures a militiaman and his Mississippi rifle.

Jefferson Davis at the Pinnacle of Power by John O’Brien (pp. 12-13)
The Confederate President and Commander-in-Chief sat for two portraits during his four years as head of state. One, showing Davis with his tie askew, is a rare salt-print, the only known of its kind. The other, showing Davis with his tie straight, was a mass produced carte de visite. Both images were made by Richmond, Va, studio of George W. Minnis and Daniel T. Cowell.

Solemn Vow at Camp Butler by Kathleen Heyworth (pp. 14-16)
Sarah Gallop Gregg, a peacetime milliner in Ottawa, Ill., became a nurse during the Civil War. She ultimately became the Matron of Camp Butler, a facility outside the Illinois capital of Springfield.

On the Eve of First Blood: Rhode Islanders Before First Bull Run by John Banks (pp. 18-20)
Just days before the first major battle of the Civil War, at least 54 soldiers in Company F of the 2nd Rhode Island Infantry posed outdoors for an unknown Washington-based photographer employed by Mathew Brady. In six cartes de visite taken at the regiment’s “Bush Camp” at Centreville, Va., most of the Rhode Islanders, mustered into the federal army only six weeks earlier, seem relaxed, with none showing a hint of the momentous event soon to come.

Authentic Farragut: Previously unknown portraits of the Nation’s first admiral come to light by Chuck Winans and Ronald S. Coddington (pp. 22-24)
David Farragut settled for a time in New York City at the end of the war, and sat for his sculpture by up-and-coming Brooklyn sculptor William Henry Philip. To assist Philip with his work, Farragut gave him two portraits, one in uniform and another in civilian clothes. They’ve been hidden away for the last 150 years—until now.

The Regiment That Saved the Capital by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 38-40)
Nicknamed the “Silk Stocking Regiment” for the socially elite New Yorkers in its ranks, the 7th New York State Militia was never engaged in battle. The regiment however earned recognition for its swift response to an undefended national capital in April 1861, and its service in augmenting regular troops during Confederate incursions into the North. Representative portraits of its membership are included here, along with brief captions that offer basic details and describe their distinctive uniforms.

Women on the Home Front: Their Essential Roles During the Civil War by Juanita Leisch Jensen (pp. 38-40)
The author states, “We have grown accustomed to seeing photographs of soldiers in military publications. Therefore, the presence of females may seem incongruous. It is not.” She adds, “The war presented women with opportunities to support the soldiers and military organizations. Just as the presence of females in these photographs is obvious to us today, their wartime efforts were obvious to soldiers fighting in the Civil War.”

Separated by War: Selected images of Civil War couples and families (pp. 41-50)
A total of 27 ambrotypes, tintypes and cartes de visite feature women with their soldiers. Some are wives, some are sisters and others are daughters. All were important to the home front.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (p. 51)
In “Greatcoats of Many Colors,” Mike provides background on winter coats, tracing their early war history, during which period regulation cloth was difficult to find and supply issues were common. Four images illustrate the variety in these often overlooked items.

Stragglers: Distinctive Images from MI contributors (pp. 52-57)
Featured in this issue is a group of portraits of soldiers and their greatcoats. Images include a Confederate soldier with an imported coat fastened with wood buttons, and a drummer and fifer decked out in their winter wear.

Deception and Destruction, Then Chivalry in the Gulf by Ronald S. Coddington (pp. 60-63)
Union Surg. Edward Sylvester Matthews and his crewmates on the Hatteras fell prey to Capt. Raphael Semmes and the Alabama in the Gulf of Mexico. Though they despised being held prisoner beneath the rebel flag, they came to respect Semmes for his compassion.

Rats, Crossed Arms and a Mourning Ribbon by Ronald S. Coddington with Glenn Hilburn and Warren “H” Shindle (pp. 64-67)
An analysis of a newly discovered antebellum portrait of five VMI Cadets provides significant information about its origins and at least on of the sitters—Lucien Dade Winston, a young man who became a Confederate soldier and was inspired by a battlefield dream to establish a village for peaceful, God-fearing folk.

Illustrious American’s Meet the Revolution’s Last Men by Edith Cuerrier (pp. 68-70)
Mathew B. Brady’s lavishly produced oversized 1850 book, Gallery of Illustrious Americans, and Rev. Elias B. Hillard’s tiny Last Men of the Revolution were opposites in many ways. And yet both forever changed biographical portrait books.

Sutler’s Row (p. 71)

The Last Shot (p. 72)
A pipe wielding, unnamed Union officer stands beside a large wood box, marked in chalk, “Prisoner of War Richmond Va care of Gen’l Winder.” A period pencil inscription on the back reads “Ypsi July 1863.” One theory holds that this officer hailed from Ypsilanti, Mich., and fell into enemy hands and was transported to Libby Prison, Castle Thunder or Belle Isle. The date suggests his possible capture during the Battle of Gettysburg.

The complete issue

Vol. XXV, No. 4
(40 pages)

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Cover image
A group of seamen poses for a group photograph.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-3)
Feedback includes comments about eyeglasses, Prince Felix zu Salm-Salm and an announcement about fundraising for Confederate Memorial Hall in Louisiana.

Passing in Review (pp. 5-6)
Five publications are listed, including Gettysburg (Houghton Mifflin) by Stephen W. Sears, The U.S. Army of World War I (Osprey Publishing) by Mark R. Henry, Civil War Heavy Explosive Ordnance: A Guide to Large Artillery Projectiles, Torpedoes and Mines (University of North Texas Press) by Jack Bell, Lone Star Confederate, A Gallant and Good Soldier of the Fifth Texas Infantry (Texas A&M University Press) edited by George Skoch and Mark W. Perkins and With Blood & Fire, Life Behind Union Lines in Middle Tennessee, 1863-65 (Burd Street Press) by Michael R. Bradley.

The Auction Block (p. 6)
A sampling of sales from the popular auction site Be.hold is included.

Here Comes the Navy by Dr. C.L. Anstine (pp. 7-12)
The U.S. sea services of World War I essentially worse the uniforms of today’s navy, notes the author, who presents an analysis of navy, Maine Corps and Coast Guard dress. A total of 16 portraits and three insignia charts are included. Identified photographs include Yeoman Naoma Parsons and Seaman Carl “Chick” Bahm.

“A Pleasant Way of Making Himself Intolerable” by John Sickles (pp. 13-14)
Capt. Robert “Bob” Alston of John Hunt Morgan’s Cavalry was described by famed diarist Mary Chestnut as, “A brilliant creature, truly no doubt a fair specimen of the western daredevils who rally around John Morgan.” Another writer noted, “If Bob Alston is a prisoner, the Yankees won’t keep him long. He has a pleasant way of making himself so intolerable they will long to get rid of him.” The author tells the story of the colorful Alston, which is illustrated with the captain’s portrait and one of John Hunt Morgan.

George Bosley: Soldier, Medical Cadet, Assistant Surgeon by Mark H. Dunkelman (pp. 15-16)
The author notes, “More than 200 young men served the Union cause during the Civil War in a little-known organization, the U.S. Army Medical Cadet Corps.” Its number incudes the subject of this profile, George H. Bosley. His life and military service is detailed here, illustrated with three portrait photographs taken before and during his service in the Civil War.

“The Major Has Fairly Won His Spurs” by Monte Evans and Holly Jenkins-Evans (pp. 17-18)
William L. Carter served in the Mexican War and the Civil War. In the latter conflict he was an officer in the 38^th Indiana Infantry. Severely wounded at the Battle of Jonesboro, Ga., on Sept. 1, 1864, he resigned due to disability before the end of the war. He lived until 1898. The text is illustrated with two portraits of Carter.

The North’s Largest Regiment: The 2^nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery by Robert A. Williams (pp. 19-21)
The regiment was so large, notes the author, that a new regiment was created from its extra members. A history of the oversized regiment includes two outdoor images from the Library of Congress collections and portraits of two privates in Company M, William H. Shaver and Ezra Hawley Shew.

“The Cheering Spot of His Experience” (pp. 22-23)
The Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon in Philadelphia, Pa., is the subject of this story. It is illustrated with a carte de visite and a pair of engravings of the popular destination, and a period advertisement.

Herbert Roland, 13^th Mississippi Infantry by Michael Hammerson (p. 24)
Herbert Young Rowland, a South Carolina-born farmer, served in Company A of the 13^th Mississippi Infantry during the Civil War. Captured in Knoxville, Tenn., on Nov. 29, 1863, he spent the rest of the war as a prisoner. He lived into the 20^th century.

“Miasma Fogs and River Mists” by Mike Fitzpatrick (pp. 25-29)
John Ravell, a native of Ohio, served as an officer in the Union navy during the Civil War. He was a member of the crew of the gunboats Fairplay and Moose. He barely survived the war, dying in 1867. His story is illustrated with his portrait plus portraits of Asst. Surg. Nicholas H. McGuire and Rear Adm. David D. Porter. Three outdoor photographs from the National Archives are also included.

“They’re Just Commons” by A.J. Camblin (pp. 30-31)
The author tells the story of how he came to purchase four cased soldier images at an auction in Topeka, Kan. Turns out the photographs, which were described by one attendee as “just commons” because the subjects were not pictured with guns or knives, were Confederates. One man, a lieutenant colonel, was unidentified. The other three however, were Capt. James M. Johnson and Lt. American F. Johnson of Phillipps’ Legion and Pvt. Nathaniel M. Calder Sr. of the 7^th Georgia Infantry. Calder was a founder of the Georgia city of Marietta.

The Famed 7^th New York: Three photos in the Ron Da Silva collection (pp. 32-33)
A trio of post-Civil War photographs is described here.

“My Men Fell on Every Side of Me” by John Mills Bigham (p. 34)
Capt. Henry Julius Smith of the Gist Riflemen of Hampton’s Legion Infantry is profiled here. He was killed in action near the Dunker Church at the Battle of Antietam. His carte de visite illustrates the text.

William Cornwell, 10^th New York Heavy Artillery by Thomas L. Jones (p. 35)
William J. Cornwell joined the 10^th New York Heavy Artillery in the summer of 1862 and died of disease in the autumn of 1863. His carte de visite illustrates the text.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 36-37)
In “The 108^th U.S.C.T.,” McAfee discusses the meaning of Constitutional rights and introduces readers to Pvt. Lewis Troutman, and African American who served in the 108^th U.S. Colored Infantry. The text is illustrated with Troutman’s carte de visite and another carte de visite of four African American soldiers upon which is noted, “This Print of the U.S. Army 1867 Respectfully Dedicated to the Officers of the Old Army.”

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

 The Last Shot (p. 40)
A sixth-plate daguerreotype from the Kean Wilcox collection pictures an antebellum militiaman who served in the Massachusetts Volunteer Artillery.

The complete issue

Vol. XXV, No. 3
(40 pages)

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Cover image
A  panel of 30 images from the Norm Flayderman collection pictures soldiers believed to have served in Company G f the 48^th Pennsylvania Infantry.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-4)
Feedback includes several comments related to image identifications.

Passing in Review (pp. 5-6)
Six publications are listed, including Staff Officers in Gray, A Biographical Register of the Staff Officers in the Army of Northern Virginia (University of North Carolina Press) by Robert E.L. Krick, North Carolina Troops, 1861-1865, A Roster, Volume XV (History Publications Section, North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources) edited by Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., On Campaign With the Army of the Potomac: The Civil War Journal of Theodore Aydrault Dodge (Rowman & Littlefield) edited by Stephen W. Sears, Lady of Arlington: The Life of Mrs. Robert E. Lee (Multnomah Publishers) by John Perry, Touched by Fire: Five Presidents and the Civil War Battles That Made Them (Public Affairs) by James M. Perry and A Yankee in a Confederate Town (Pineapple Press) by Anne Robinson Clancy.

A Table Full of Federals by Norm Flayderman (pp. 7-11)
A set of 42 tintypes is believed to be of men who served in Company G of the 48^th Pennsylvania Infantry. A brief history of the regiment includes a full roster of Company G.

A Field Burial, 1898 (p. 12)
A stereoview of a chaplain conducted a burial ceremony illustrates a story about a funeral conducted in Theodore Roosevelt’s Rough Riders.

From Nebraska to the Shenandoah by Robert A. Williams (pp. 13-14)
U.S. army Sgt. John Starke Ravenscraft Miller obtained his discharge from his post in Nebraska to join troops from his native state of North Carolina. His story is included along with a portrait of Pvt. Elisha Hamilton “Hamm” Miller of the 3^rd North Carolina Cavalry.

“Miracles of American Spirit” by Roy Nibley (pp. 15-17)
The U.S. Sanitary Commission, a civilian organization, produced a great number of beneficial changes in soldiers’ health care. But it was not government sponsored and depended upon private contributions, many of which came through its fairs. A total of 6 images illustrate the text, including women volunteers in the military trophy booth at the Albany, N.Y. Relief Fair and Nurse Almira Fales.

“A Blasé, Played-Out, Gentlemanly Man” (p. 18)
If ever there was a real version of the fictional Harry Flashman, it would have to be Prince Felix zu Salm-Salm, who served in four armies during five separate wars. In America, he was colonel of the 8^th and 68^th New York infantries. The Prince survived the war only to die in the Battle of Gravelotte in the 1870 Franco-Prussian War.

The Game by John W. Kuhl (pp. 19-22)
A baseball box score that appeared in the regimental history of the 11^th New Jersey Infantry is the primary subject of this story about the regiment. The text is illustrated with 18 portraits, including 2^nd Lt. Joseph Condit Baldwin, Capt. Luther Martin, Capt. Dorastus Logan, Capt. William H. Meeke, 2^nd Lt. Alexander Beach, Capt. Sydney Layton, Capt. John Sowter, Capt. John Oldershaw, 2^nd Lt. William S. Provost, Adjutant John Schoonover, Capt. Andrew W. Ackerman, 1^st Lt. John H. Meyer, 1^st Lt. Edwin R. Good, Capt. William Dunning, Capt. Thomas J. Halsey, Lt. William J. Mount, Capt. John F. Buckley and Lt. E.S. Newberry.

Uniforms of the 1876 Centennial by Byron Kear (pp. 24-26)
The 1876 Centennial Exposition held in Philadelphia brought together a wide range of uniforms worn by the country’s leading volunteer militia units. They wore an array of uniforms, some examples of which are pictured here. A total of 7 images, including men of the 7^th New York, are included.

“Corporal Shoemaker’s Revenge” (p. 27-28)
Corp. Adam Shoemaker of the 7^th Indiana Cavalry set a trap for some guerrillas and revenged the death of comrades. His story is illustrated with several images, including his portrait and those of Capt. John W. Shoemaker, Pvt. Cornelius Cloyd and Pvt. Amos Reese.

George Mingins of the Christian Commission (pp. 29-31)
From anti-religious street preacher to Christian Commission delegate was the story of the Rev. George J. Mingins of Philadelphia, Pa. His life, service and death in 1916 is illustrated with several images.

The Cox Boys Go to War (p. 32)
Ohio’s Jacob Dolson Cox, a major general who distinguished himself in several operations during the Civil War, is profiled here along with his brother Theodore, who served as his aide-de-camp. Portraits of both men illustrate the text.

“I Must Go to My Boys” by Thomas J. Moeller (pp. 33-35)
The 61^st Pennsylvania Infantry earned a reputation for dependability. During the war it lost 19 officers killed in combat, more than any other Union regiment during the Civil War. A history of the 61^st is illustrated with 8 portraits, including Col. Oliver H. Rippey, Lt. Col. Robert Orr, Jacob Sanders, Richard W. Fairbanks, William M. Dawson, Henry Ruege, Oliver A. Parsons and Capt. Lewis Redenback.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 36-37)
The author begins this installment of his column with the observation that, “The common wisdom seems to be that militia soldiers were somehow not soldiers.” He adds, “Today the very word ‘militia’ conjures images of gun-toting, anti-government, survivalist rednecks, but in 1860 the average militiaman was a substantial, property –owning member of the middle class who saw it as his civic duty to help instill law and order, especially in the chaos of America’s burgeoning cities, rife as they were with all sorts of foreign ‘riff-raff.’ On the South the militia soldier was also a protector of another type or property rights, with the added duty of providing control over the slave population.” The regiment selected as an example of the mid-19^th century militia is the 12^th New York State Militia. The text is illustrated with four portraits of soldiers who served in the regiment.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

The Last Shot (p. 40)
A carte de visite from the Michael J. McAfee collection pictures Brevet Brig. Gen. John McConnell of the 5^th Illinois Cavalry, who may be swearing in five recruits. The image was part of an album of men from the 7^th Indiana Cavalry.

The complete issue

Vol. XXV, No. 2
(40 pages)

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Inside

Cover image
An image from the late Wendell Lang Jr. collection pictures a private who served in the 72^nd Pennsylvania Infantry.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-4)
Feedback includes several comments related to a rare weapon, a cap badge and a sword.

Passing in Review (pp. 5-6)
Seven publications are listed, including Success Is All That Was Expected: The South Atlantic Blockading Squadron During the Civil War (Brassey’s Inc.) by Robert M. Browning, Until the End (Simon & Schuster) by Harold Coyle, The 14^th U.S Infantry Regiment in the American Civil War (Burd Street Press) edited by C. Russell Hunley, Gods and Generals, Photographic Companion (Thomas Publications) by Rob Gibson, The National Guard: An Illustrated History (Brassey’s Inc.) by Michael D. Doubler and John W. Listman Jr., “Seeing the Elephant,” Raw Recruits at the Battle of Shiloh (University of Illinois Press) by Joseph Allen Frank and George A. Reaves and Gods and Generals, The Illustrated Story of the Epic Civil War Film (Newmarket Press) by Ronald F. Maxwell.

“True” Zouaves (p. 7)
Quotes from an 1861 book, The Military Hand Book, describe the Zouave craze and the care in which the uniforms are selected. Three portraits illustrate the text, two of which are identified: Pvt. Edmond Thompson of the 17^th New York Infantry and Pvt. George Washington Lendeveq of the 165^th New York Infantry.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 8-9)
A brief history of the regiment is illustrated with three unidentified portraits.

Pennsylvania “Zouaves” by Royall Nibley (pp. 11-13)
Two Pennsylvania regiments, the 72^nd and the 95^th, otherwise totally unrelated, shared the same style Zouave-like jacket. The narrative includes an image of the jacket and eight portraits. Only one soldier is identified, Pvt. William Stewart of the 72^nd.

“Old Four Eyes Is Here” (p. 14)
Two bespectacled Union soldier portraits illustrate a narrative about the use of eyeglasses during the Civil War.

Scenes from the Battle of Mobile Bay (pp. 15-17)
A total of 13 images of the defenses of the bay and photographs of the Hartford and Tennessee are featured in this survey.

“A Brave and Efficient Officer:” Charles Roberts of the 124^th Pennsylvania (p. 18)
Roberts served in the Pennsylvania regiment for his entire enlistment. he survived the war and lived until 1895.

A World at War (pp. 19-23)
There was fighting almost everywhere internationally while the American Civil War was in progress. They include The Maori Wars, War of the Triple Alliance, War of Italian Unification, The Polish Rebellion, The Second Opium War, The Mexican Adventure, The Shimonoseki Strait and The Second Schleswig-Holstein War. All of these conflicts are illustrated with portraits.

“The Worst Times We Have” (p. 24)
A stereoview of African American soldiers at Battery Wagner on Morris Island, S.C., in 1863 is the focal point of this story.

“We Thought That He Was Dead” by Mike Fitzpatrick (pp. 25-26)
Earnest Dudley Davis of the 174^th Ohio Infantry was struck by a bullet in his head at the Battle of Overalls Creek, outside Murfreesboro, Tenn., on Dec. 4, 1864. As a result he received his nickname, “Dud.” Images of Davis and James Briggs of the 174^th illustrate the text.

Post-War Navy Uniforms (pp. 27-28)
U.S. navy uniforms, according to the author, made only slow, minor changes after the Civil War. Examples are shown in six portraits, including Passed Asst. Paymaster George N. Read, 1^st Asst. Eng. Benjamin C. Bampton, Lt. Oscar W. Farenholt, Asst. Surg. Daniel N. Bertolette

The Court Martial of Levy Lincoln (p. 29)
1^st Lt. Levi Lincoln of the 34^th Massachusetts Infantry got into an argument with a railroad conductor that ended with Lincoln under arrest and eventually court-martialed. This is his story.

Serving Unto Death (p. 30)
A sharpshooter shot and seriously wounded Chaplain Thomas L. Ambrose of the 12^th New Hampshire Infantry at Petersburg, Va., on July 24, 1864. Ambrose later died of his wounds. Chaplain Arthur Buckminster Fuller of the 19^th Massachusetts Infantry died at Fredericksburg, Va., in December 1862.

False-Embroidered Infantry Horns by Dr. Howard G. Lanham (pp. 31-32)
Not all infantrymen wore issue cap badges. Instead, they wore metallic false embroidered emblems. A total of 7 portraits illustrate the text.

An Early Air Raid by Leonard J. Jacobs (pp. 33-34)
One American Expeditionary Force unit, the 355^th Infantry Regiment of the 89^th Division, was on the receiving end of something new in warfare—an air attack. The story of this event is illustrated with a portrait of the author’s father, Evert Jacobs. He poses with Rudoplh Pihl of Rockford, Ill., and Harry W. Curtis. Also pictured is the troop ship Leviathan and the 354^th Ambulance Company, 314^th Sanitary Train, 89^th Division.

A Short History of Kentucky Guerrillas by John Sickles (pp. 35-36)
A state whose citizens represented divided loyalties Kentucky became a hotbed of guerrillas during the Civil War. The narrative is illustrated with images of Samuel O. “One Armed Berry” Berry with Marcellus Jerome Clark (Sue Mundy), Brig. Gen. Stephen G. Burbridge and Henry Magruder.

Who Are These Guys?
A total of three images are included in this feature.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

The Last Shot (p. 40)
Two stereoview portray the contrast in American life—a group of white women in a yard and a slave with a basket of cotton on her head.

The complete issue

Vol. XXV, No. 1
(40 pages)

Print edition: Visit our store to check availability
Digital edition: Visit JSTOR.org to purchase
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Inside

Cover image
An image from the Roy Mantle collection pictures a light artillery private with a rare militia saber.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-3)
Feedback includes two identifications of portraits from the last issue, and an announcement from the editor of the death of longtime collector Richard K. “Dick” Tibbals of Berwyn, Ill.

Passing in Review (p. 4)
Three publications are listed, including The Battle of Milroy Station (Tom Doherty Associates) by Robert H. Fowler, Commanding Voices of Blue and Gray (Tom Doherty Associates) edited by Brian M. Thomsen and “Damage Them All You Can:” Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia (Tom Doherty Associates) by George Walsh.

The Auction Block (p. 6)
A sampling of sales from the popular auction site eBay is included.

A Photo Survey of Union Artillerymen (pp. 7-10)
A Confederate general, D.H. Hill, was quoted as saying that he could beat the world with Confederate infantry and Union artillery. This survey pays tribute to the blue gunners with 16 portrait photos, including the following identified men: Capt. Charles Griffin of the 5^th U.S. Artillery, Lt. Adam J. Slemmer, commander of Fort Pickens in 1861, 1^st lt. P.H. Child of the 1^st U.S. Colored Artillery, John G. Mack of the 1^st Ohio Light Artillery and Pvt. Alister M. Grant of Landis’ Pennsylvania Battery. Also featured is a group portrait of four members of Knap’s Independent (Pennsylvania) Battery: Lt. C. Tingley Jr., Capt. J.M. Knap, Lt. E.R. Geary and Lt. C.A. Atwell.

A Gray Cannoneer by Robert A. Williams (p. 11)
Pvt. Servetus McQueen Williams of the Surry Light Artillery, a Virginia unit. He served through the war and surrendered at Appomattox Court House in April 1865. He lived until 1918. Two images of Williams illustrate the text.

“Things Look Favorable:” Two letters from the 97^th Pennsylvania at Petersburg (pp. 13-14)
Formed in Chester and Delaware counties in 1861, the regiment served largely on the Atlantic coast until called into the X Corps to serve outside Petersburg. Two letters provide a sense of the hardships endured in Virginia. One was written by regimental adjutant H.W. Carruthers and the other by Capt. Washington W. James. The etxt is illustrated with portraits of Col. Henry Ruhl Guss, 1^st lt. James T. Skiles and an unidentified corporal.

“As Busy as Bees” by James Jerzorski (pp. 15-18)
Letters from William Courtney, the sergeant major of the 50^th New York Engineers, provide a glimpse into a rarely seen part of the war. The narrative is illustrated with a sixth-plate tintype of Courtney as a private, the letterhead from one of his letters, a steroview of one of the observation balloons mentioned in a letter, a portrait of Pvt. David H. Cole and a stereoview of the May 1865 Grand Review in Washington, D.C.

“My Luck Is Due to Break Soon” (pp. 19-22)
A University of Washington student, 2^nd Lt. Royall Wood “Roy” Mingins of the 364^th U.S. Infantry, went off to war in 1918 and returned a battered hero. Numerous photographs, including multiple views of Mingins, illustrated the narrative. Also included are photos of several comrades: 1^st Lt. Owen Summers, Capt. George W. Toland, 2^nd Lt. James E. Fletcher and 1^st Lt. James Hogan.

Bell’s Boys of Company B by Frederick C. Gaede (pp. 23-25)
Capt. Robert Bell’s Troop of Adams County Cavalry, Pennsylvania Volunteers, was raised in response to the invasion of Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia into Pennsylvania in the summer of 1863. A brief history of the company is illustrated with a dozen portraits of its members: Capt. Robert Bell, 1^st Lt. James Mickley, 2^nd Lt. Henry G. Lott Jr., 1^st Sgt. Hugh Paxton Bigham, 4^th Sgt. Adam B. Black, 6^th Corp. J. Harvy Cobean, and privates Walter Beamer, Rush McKean Bigham, J.B. Black, Wilson McCleary, Henry S. Myers and George W. Young.

The Work of Hamilton & Kellogg by Bill Lee (p. 26)
The Hamilton & Kellogg photograph gallery of San Francisco, Calif., is responsible for six portraits of unidentified Union officers pictured here.

“An Exceedingly Dangerous Man,” by Stewart Cruickshank (pp. 27-28)
Special Police Capt. Edwin Terrell was, according to the author, one of the Union’s most effective—and psychotic—guerrilla fighters. An account of his deeds and misdeeds is included here, illustrated with a wartime portrait of the subject. Also included is a photograph of pro-Southern guerrilla Bill Marion and an illustration of William Quantrill’s last fight, which occurred at Wakefield, Ky.

“I Can’t Give You My Colors” by Michael Dresse (pp. 29-31)
At the Battle of Gettysburg on July 2, 1863, a dramatic charge of the Pennsylvania Reserves through the Plum Run Valley just west of Little Round Top blunted the final thrust by Confederate attackers against the left flank of the Union army. At one point during the attack, the commander of the Reserves, Gen. Samuel W. Crawford, reached out to seize the colors to inspire the men. But the corporal who held the colors, George K. Swope, was reluctant to give them up. He finally did, but held on to Crawford/s trouser leg as the general rode on horseback up the rocky slope of the battlefield. This anecdote was disputed after the war. Recently discovered documents acquired by the author for his book, Never Desert Thee Old Flag! 50 Stories of Union Battle Flags and Color-Bearers at Gettysburg (Thomas Publications) sheds new light on the facts. The text is illustrated with photos of Crawford and a group shot that includes Corp. Swope and Corp. William Cake. The last soldier named claimed to be the reluctant color bearer. A third portrait of Corp. John Morton is also included.

Unraveling a Family’s Secrets by Stuart D. Brandes (pp. 32-34)
Abraham (Abram) Bevier, the eldest of four children born to Illinois farmers, joined the Union army in the summer of 1862. In the wake of his enrollment a tangled web of changing names for different enlistments and other unusual gaps complicated his story. The author connects the dots in this narrative, which includes portraits of Nathan Bevier, Maria Bevier and Sgt. Thomas J. Townsend of the 112^th Illinois Infantry.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 35-36)
In “What’s it all about…?” McAfee recounts his lifelong drive to paint military miniatures and wonders if, in the cosmic scheme of life, if it really matters. He goes on to point out a few examples of Civil War-era portraiture that might be confused with actual fighting men. Four portraits illustrate the text.

The Return of Cap’n Bob’s Caveat Emptorium by Harry Roach (p. 37)
The founding editor of MI reprises his role as the slick salesman who offers bogus deals to naïve collectors.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

 The Last Shot (p. 40)
An ambrotype from the collection of Roy Mantle pictures a militia second lieutenant cradling a non-regulation sword.

The complete issue

Vol. XXIV, No. 6
(40 pages)

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Inside

Cover image
An image from the Roy Mantle collection pictures a Confederate officer.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-3)
Feedback includes two identifications of portraits and more.

Passing in Review (pp. 4-5)
Eight publications are listed, including Gray Cavalier: The Life and Wars of General W.H.R. “Rooney” Lee ( Da Capo Press) by Mary Bandy Daughtry, Roads to Gettysburg: Lee’s Invasion of the North (White Mane Books) by Bradley M. Gottfried, The Complete Idiot’s Guide to the Confederacy (Alpah/Pearson Education Company) by Stephen Lang, Douglas Southall Freeman (Pelican Publishing Co.) by David E. Johnson, Brigades at Gettysburg, The Union and Confederate Brigades at the Battle of Gettysburg (Da Capo Press) by Bradley M. Gottfried, The Blessed Place of Freedom, Europeans in Civil War America (Brassey’s) by Dean B. Mahin, Fortresses of Savannah, Georgia (Arcadia Publishing) by John Walker Guss and Gettysburg, The Meade-Sickles Controversy (Brassey’s) by Richard A. Sauers.

Confederate Army Rank Insignia: A Guide (pp. 6-13)
The unique system of rank insignia on collars and above cuffs for Confederate soldiers includes general officers, colonels, lieutenant colonels, majors, captains, lieutenants and non-commissioned officers. Identified soldiers include Maj. Gen. John Magruder, Maj. Gen. Benjamin Huger, Gen. William Mahone, Col. Alfred Jefferson Vaughan Jr. of the 13^th Tennessee Infantry, Lt. Col. George W. Scott of the 5^th Florida Cavalry Battalion, Maj. John Warwick Daniel, Maj. William Dabney Stuart of the 15^th and 56^th Virginia infantries, Maj. John Singleton Mosby, Capt. David Wardlaw Ramsey and Lt. McKinley Gibson.

John Prescott, 3^rd Tennessee Battalion by John M. “Mike” Hunt (p. 14)
Pvt. John Prescott is pictured in this account of the battalion in which he served his entire enlistment.

Richardson the Raider by Stewart Cruickshank (pp. 15-16)
Capt. Littleton T. Richardson, a Kentucky guerrilla nicknamed “Lit,” conducted a successful partisan campaign behind Union lines in Kentucky and Tennessee from the fall of 1863 until his capture and death in March 1864. His portrait, and that of Col. David Waller Chenault of the 11^th Kentucky Cavalry, is included.

The Clarendon Blues, 1861 by John Mills Bigham (p. 17)
A history of this organization, which became Company C of the 9^th South Carolina Infantry, is illustrated with a portrait that may be one of two men in the company: Robert Wesley Green or Warren Lavender. The author believes that Lavender is more likely to be the subject.

Dating the Maffitt Image (p. 18)
The author uses the insignia on the cap of John Newland Maffitt to trace the date of the well-known portrait.

“Follow Me”—Hamilton Brown, 1^st North Carolina State Troops by Robert A. Williams (pp. 19-20)
Col. Hamilton Allen Brown of the 1^st North Carolina suffered 13 wounds during the Civil War and is recognized as one of the South’s finest regimental commanders. This is his story. His portrait, and another of Marcus Herring of Company C, is included.

John Cunningham of Alabama (p. 21)
John Borders Cunningham of the 10^th Alabama Infantry/51^st Alabama Partisan Rangers is profiled. His portrait photograph is included.

A Confederate Chaplain: A.G. Haygood (p. 22)
Atticus Green Haygood served the spiritual needs of the men of the 15^th Georgia Infantry early in the war and later advanced to higher duties on the brigade level.

The Liturgical Dress of Chaplains (pp. 23-24)
Chaplains in the Union and Confederate armies wore a variety of uniforms and civilian clothes, and this story provides details about their dress. Three of the 7 portraits included are identified: Methodist Bishop Osmon C. Baker, Asst. Bishop W.B. Stevens of Pennsylvania and Rev. Richard Newton of Philadelphia.

A Confederate Chaplain: Charles Todd Quintard (p. 25)
Connecticut-born Quintard served as chaplain of the 1^st Tennessee Infantry and published a special version of the Episcopal Book of Common Prayer designed for use in the field, A Confederate Soldier’s Pocket Manual of Devotions.

William H. Keller, 47^th Alabama (p. 26)
Adj. William Henry Keller served Col. James W. Jackson as adjutant of the regiment. This is his story.

A Father and Son at War by John Sickles and Stewart Cruickshank (pp. 27-29)
Lt. Col. Clarence C. Prentice of the 7^th Confederate cavalry Battalion served the South. His father, George Prentice, editor of the Louisville Journal, remained a loyal supporter of the Union. Portraits of father and son, and John Fible of the 4^th Kentucky Cavalry, are included.

William Lowe, 1^st Tennessee Cavalry (p. 29)
English-born William Jackson Lowe fell into enemy hands at Farmington, Tenn., on Oct. 10, 1863, and spent the rest of the war as a prisoner at Camp Morton in Indiana.

Uniforms & History (pp. 30-31)
In “Yanks & Rebs: They All Look Alike!” McAfee explores the commonalities between Union and Confederate uniforms. Seven images illustrate the text. One of them is identified only as “G.B. Lewis.”

Confederate Stragglers (pp. 32-36)
A survey of 23 images includes identified portraits of John Newton Helm Jr. of Jeff Davis Legion, Mississippi Cavalry, Pvt. Charles M. Hough of the 12^th Virginia Infantry, Pvt. Pollard Edgmond of the 5^th Tennessee Cavalry, Pvt. Wright Pen Sandige of the 17^th Tennessee Infantry, Capt. H.C. Irby of the 9^th Tennessee Infantry, Pvt. William Craig Via of the 7^th Virginia Infantry, Pvt. John R. Jarman of the 26^th North Carolina Infantry, Pvt. Andrew Jackson Lawson of the 21^st Virginia Infantry, Lt. Page McCarty of Gibbes’ Battalion and Guy Lillard of Polk County, Tennessee.

Who Are These Guys? (p. 37)
A total of 5 men are pictured.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

The Last Shot (p. 40)
A hard-plate image from the collection of Roy Mantle pictures “the typical, unknown Confederate” with battered slouch hat and Richmond Depot second pattern type jacket.

The complete issue

Vol. XXIV, No. 5
(40 pages)

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Inside

Cover image
An image from the David Scheinmann collection pictures a Union soldier standing in front of an elaborate backdrop.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-3)
Feedback includes kudos for the 1872 officer’s dress coat and a question about the source for information on the story of Henry C. Kelly. Both articles appeared in the last issue.

Passing in Review (pp. 4-5)
Eight publications are listed, including Storming Little Round Top (Da Capo Press) by Philip Thomas Tucker, Lee’s Tar Heels, the Pettigrew-Kirkland-MacRae Brigade (University of North Carolina Press) by Earl J. Hess, Grand Army of the Republic: Civil War Veterans, Department of Massachusetts, 1866-1847 (Heritage Books, Inc.) compiled by A. Dean Sargent, Culp’s Hill at Gettysburg (Thomas Publications) by John M. Archer, The Civil War in Photographs (Carlton Books) by William C. Davis, Fort Clark and Brackettville: Land of Heroes (Arcadia) by William F. Haenn, A Soldier’s General, The Civil War Letters of Major General Lafayette McLaws (University of North Carolina Press) edited by John C. Oeffinger and Civil War Artillery at Gettysburg (Da Capo Press) by Philip M. Cole.

Photographer’s Backdrops: A Photo Survey (pp. 6-25)
Painted backdrops, according to William C. Darrah’s landmark book Cartes de Visite in Nineteenth Century Photography, are credited to European photographer A. Claudet in 1851. Examples of American and international military portrait photography include almost endless variations, of which 100 are shown here. They span the Civil War through World War I and are grouped by Benton Barracks camp-type, other camp-type, scenic, rivers, nature, studios, Civil War era foreign, post Civil War, 20^th century, and World War I foreign. Identified images include Joseph A. Rummel of the 72^nd Ohio Infantry, William H. Fisher of the 70^th Indiana Infantry, James J. Dyer of the 26^th Kentucky Mounted Infantry, Austin Moson of the 5^th Indiana Cavalry, Donald McCullough of the 116^th Pennsylvania Infantry, George Stevens of the 8^th New Hampshire Infantry, a portrait inscribed “Mr. C.J. Haller, Alta, Ill.,” L.F. Norton of the 14^th Ohio Infantry, Alonzo H. Stickney of the 4^th Maine Infantry, Joseph N. Morris of the 7^th Rhode Island Infantry, Asst. Surg. Nicholas H. McGuire, U.S. navy, Robert G. Huston of the 118^th Illinois Mounted Infantry, Frank Leeland and Frank Vail, U.S. Marine Corps.

The First to Fall by Michael Hammerson (p. 26)
1^st Lt. Henry B. Hidden of the 1^st New York Cavalry holds the grim distinction of being the first cavalry officer from the Army of the Potomac killed in action during the Civil War. His story is told here.

The Diary of John H. Irwin, 155^th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry by Scott Irwin (pp. 27-32)
Excerpts from Irwin’s diary are illustrated with his portrait and those of fellow soldiers Thomas D. Thomas, J.H. Bilson, Naoh H. Pagburn, Samuel Kilgore and James Strong. Previously unpublished, the diary dates from Sept. 7, 1862, through Sept. 23, 1862.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 33)
In “155^th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry,” McAfee explores the Zouave uniform worn by the members of the regiment. The text is illustrated with a portrait of an unidentified soldier from the 155^th.

Corliss Is Back! By Chris Nelson (pp. 34-35)
The author’s ongoing search for relics related to Augustus Corliss continues with the discovery of a cache of images. Five photos are featured here, including three portraits of Corliss, one image of him in his tent and another of him with his son and daughter in Cuba.

Two Alberts at 2^nd Winchester by Mike Fitzpatrick (pp. 36-37)
Albert C. Burd of the 67^th Pennsylvania Infantry and Albert C. Harbough of the 6^th Maryland Infantry were both captured at the Second Battle of Winchester. They eventually rejoined their commands. They however would not survive the war. Harbough was mortally wounded in the Wilderness and Burd died on the front lines of Petersburg on March 25, 1865.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

 The Last Shot (p. 40)
A quarter-plate tintype from the collection of Dennis Hood pictures a group of soldiers perched on the famous overlook at Lookout Mountain.

The complete issue

Vol. XXIV, No. 4
(40 pages)

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Inside

Cover image
An image from the David Scheinmann collection pictures an officer wearing the 1872 officer’s dress to which is attached a II Corps veteran’s badge.

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-4)
Feedback includes commentary about the accuracy of the Edgar Kimball story featured in the September/October 2002 issue.

Passing in Review (pp. 5-6)
Seven publications are listed, including Their Horses Climbed Fences (Schiffer) by Larry Rogers and Keith Rogers, A Scythe of Fire (Morrow/Harper Collins) by Warren Wilkinson and Steven E. Woodworth, Yanks, The Epic Story of the American Army in World War I (Touchstone Books) by John S.D. Eisenhower, The American Home Guard: The State Militia in the Twentieth Century (Texas A&M University Press) by Barry N. Stentiford, Gettysburg, Day Three (Touchstone Books) by Jeffry D. Wert, With My Face to the Enemy (Berkley Publishing) edited by Robert Cowley and Santa Anna: A Curse Upon Mexico (Brassey’s) by Robert L. Scheina.

The Auction Block (p. 7)
A sampling of sales from the popular auction site eBay is included.

The 1872 Officer’s Dress Coat: A Photo Survey by David M. Neville (pp. 8-11)
Described as “stylish, popular and very different from its predecessor, the regulation 1872 officer’s dress uniform coat was worn for three decades by officers of the United States Army,” the author details the origins and history of the coat. A total of 11 portraits support the text, of which 10 are identified: 2^nd Lt. David A. Lyle of the 2^nd U.S. Artillery, 2^nd Lt. William Penn Duvall of the 5^th U.S. Artillery, Lt. William E. Kingsbury of the 11^th U.S. Infantry, Col. Joseph Roberts of the 4^th U.S. Artillery, Capt. Samuel Escue Tillman of the Corps of Engineers, Capt. Alexander Macomb Miller of the Corps of Engineers, 2^nd Lt. John Edwin Greer, 2^nd Lt. Hugh A. Roberts of the 8^th U.S. Cavalry, Lt. Col. Thomas Hewson Neill of the 6^th U.S. Cavalry and 1^st Lt. Edward H. Totten of the 1^st U.S. Artillery.

A Jack of All Trades by Leonard J. Jacobs (p. 12)
John R. Hotaling, a Mexican War veteran and participant in the California Gold Rush, served in Company A of the 2^nd Illinois Cavalry. He survived the war and died in 1886.

“A Fair Specimen of an American Regiment” by Robert A. Williams (pp. 13-15)
A history of the 44^th New York Infantry, or the People’s Ellsworth Regiment, is detailed. A total of four portraits illustrate the text, two of which are identified; Pvt. John H. Lunt, and Sgt. William W. Johnson.

“I Will Be Killed” by John W. Kuhl (pp. 16-19)
Described as “A fatal prediction capped a tragic New Jersey family’s story,” this is the account of Lt. William H. Egan of the 11^th New Jersey Infantry at the Bloody Angle during the Battle of Spotsylvania, Va., on May 12, 1864. A total of 7 portraits illustrate the text: A pair of views of Egan, Col. Robert McAllister, Chaplain Clark E. Cline, Capt. Ira Cory, and two views of Egan’s wife, Emma Snyder.

How to Get Out of the Army by Michael Hammerstein (pp. 21-22)
Henry C. Kelly, an officer in the 55^th U.S. Colored Infantry, is the subject of this profile that begins, “The Union Army’s officer corps was not always made of the best material.” The narrative continues to detail Kelly’s service in the navy and army. The story is illustrated with a portrait of Kelly.

Major Leeson’s War by John Sickles (pp. 23-24)
Maj. Moses D. Leeson of the 5^th Indiana Cavalry fought, notes the author, “against usurpers, Confederates, civilians, bushwackers and fellow Yankees.” His story is illustrated with the subject’s portrait and two others: Capt. John S. Lyle and Col. Thomas Butler.

A Death Watch by Jerry Harlowe (pp. 25-26)
Three photographs of the Union monitors Sangamon and Saugus are the subjects of this account of the two vessels and their crews on duty in the James River Squadron.

Camp Salomon: A War-Time Camp by J. Dale West (pp. 27-29)
Named for Brig. Gen Friedrich C. Salomon, the temporary camp is credited by the author as having “helped save the West for the Union.” A photo of the general illustrates the text along with four other portraits: Confederate Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke, Pvt. William D. Carr of the 3^rd Wisconsin Cavalry, Union Maj. Gen. John M. Schofield and 1^st lt. Moses Baldwin of the 1^st Kansas Battery.

The Plain Haversack (p. 30)
Two portraits of soldiers with haversacks and a modern photo of a Massachusetts haversack illustrate this history of the white duck haversack, the precursor to the standard black-tarred canvas haversack often seen in soldier images.

What’s In a Name? by Buster B. Griggs Jr. (pp. 31-32)
Sgt. Martin Luther Coons of the 31^st Illinois Infantry was listed by the surname Coonce in his military service records and later his pension file. This simple misspelling would have a great impact on his descendants, who adopted the variation as their formal last name.

Investigating Belle Plain Today by Jay Gloede (pp. 33-35)
The author tells the story of his involvement with D.P. Newton, a local man with vast knowledge of the area of Virginia that once served as a major federal base during the Civil War. The text is illustrated with a map and several period and modern photographs of Belle Plain.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (pp. 36-37)
In “The U.S. Zouave Cadets, 1861: The Zouave Craze Begins,” McAfee explores the phenomenon inspired by the French army’s Zouaves and Turcos during the Crimean War. The text is illustrated with two stereoviews of the Cadets in New York, and a portrait of Freeman Connor, a member of the Cadets who went in to serve in the 44^th New York Infantry.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

The Last Shot (p. 40)
A hard-plate photograph from the John M. Hunt collection pictures a soldier described by the owner as, “A wonderful and very rare, important image of a Confederate private wearing a British enlisted man’s shirt that was ru

The complete issue

Vol. XXIV, No. 3
(40 pages)

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Cover image
An image of a cavalryman from the John Sickles collection illustrates the cover headline “Horses and the Men Who Rode Them.”

Table of Contents (p. 1)

Mail Call (pp. 2-4)
Feedback includes the identification of Charles Garner, not Charles Gainer, as a pilot on the Judge Torrence. Garner’s portrait was featured in “Who Are Those Guys?’ in the July/August 2002 issue.

Passing in Review (pp. 5-6)
Seven publications are listed, including Four Years With the Iron Brigade: The Civil War Journal of William Ray (DaCapo Press) edited by Lance Herdegen and Sherry Murphy, Texas Flags (Texas A&M University Press) by Robert Maberry Jr., The First World War in Photographs (Carlton Books) by Richard Holmes, Oh, What a Loansome Time I Had (University of Alabama Press) edited by Thomas W. Cutrer, The Civil War Reminiscences of General Basil W. Duke, C.S.A. (Cooper Square Press) by Basil W. Duke, Hero of the Republic: Triple Medal of Honor Winner James Madison Cutts Jr. (Burd Street Press) by Bing G. Spitler and Strange Tales of the Civil War (Burd Street Press) by Michael Sanders.

Civil War Horses by John Sickles (pp. 7-10)
An overview of horses in the war features anecdotes and details of their service. A total of 7 photographs of men and their mounts includes Orlando Axtel of the 7^th New York Cavalry of the 1^st New York Mounted Rifles, an officer believed to be Col. Langhorne Wister of the Pennsylvania Bucktails, Pvt. John M. Morss of the 5^th Indiana Cavalry, Pvt. William Watlington of the 3^rd Indiana Cavalry and Pvt. Alvin Wiley of the 7^th Indiana Cavalry.

A Hungarian in the Union Army (p. 11)
The military service of Maj. Charles Zagoni, who organized a body of cavalry recruited from recent immigrants to the St. Louis area. The men served in the command of Maj. Gen. John C. Frémont.

Variant Union Army Cavalry Jackets (p. 12)
A total of 5 images document unusual uniforms. None of the men are identified.

Roy Mantle’s Cavalrymen (pp. 13-15)
Since 1982, Mantle has collected hard-plate images. Representative examples of his cavalrymen number 8 in total, all of who are unidentified.

Confederate Cavalrymen (p. 16)
A total of 6 portraits include Pvt. John “Jack” T. Teass of the 2^nd Virginia, Pvt. Francis Jones of the 8^th Virginia, 1^st Lt. Thomas H. Wells of the 7^th Kentucky, Pvt. Bentley Weston of the 7^th South Carolina, an unidentified trooper from a Baltimore estate and a private believed to be from the 1^st Maryland.

Men of the 9^th Pennsylvania Cavalry by Roger Norland (p. 17)
A brief history of the regiment is illustrated with portraits of Adolphus Ruff, R.W. Armstrong, Sylvester S. Ransom and Daniel Tompkins.

Kean Wilcox’s Cavalrymen (p. 18)
A collection of 4 images includes two ambrotypes, one tintype and an unidentified hard-plate format.

William Brado, 3^rd New York Cavalry (p. 19)
An immigrant from Prussia, Brado enlisted in the 3^rd in the summer of 1861. He survived the war and lived until 1919. The text is illustrated with his portrait.

Chris Nelson’s Cavalrymen (pp. 20-23)
A sketch of Chris Nelson, a longtime MI contributor, is illustrated with 18 images from his collection. Only one of the images is identified, a sixth-plate tintype of “Corporal W.S. Folger, 1862.”

A Novel Cavalry Jacket (p. 24)
A profile of a uniquely trimmed cavalry jacket worn by troopers in two cavalry regiments, the 1^st Ohio and 2^nd Missouri.

The Colt Revolving Rifle/Carbine by John Sickles (pp. 25-26)
The author profiles this unusual rifle, which includes a list of all the cavalry and infantry regiments who carried them. Three portraits illustrate the text, and two of the subjects are identified: Pvt. Thaddeus M. Southworth of the 2^nd Michigan Cavalry and Pvt. Joseph Cowden of the 42^nd Illinois Infantry.

Other Places, Other Times (p. 27)
The U.S. army had cavalrymen in its ranks before and after the Civil War, though never again or before in such numbers. Four non-Civil War images show cavalrymen from antebellum times through World War I. Identified men include Commissary Sgt. J. Howard Lotz, circa 1895, and Musician Charles P. Christian and his friend Annie McArbug, circa 1880-1885.

A Floridian at War (p. 28)
William Baya, a native of Florida, served in a Confederate Marine company early in the war before joining the 8^th Florida Infantry. He saw much action in many of the major Virginia battles and ended the war as colonel of the 5^th Florida Infantry. He survived the war and lived until 1903.

“A Bullet Through This Pretty Head” by Joel Peterson (p. 29)
Pvt. Isaac Wayne Van Leer, a member of Company B of the 53^rd Pennsylvania Infantry, made this statement in a letter to his brother during the early part of his service. The words were somewhat prophetic. During the Peninsula Campaign and the Siege of Yorktown, Van Leer suffered a severe wound in the ankle and a bullet to his head that knocked him unconscious. An advancing Confederate then pierced him in the side with a bayonet. Van Lee succumbed to his wound soon after, just for days shy of his 16^th birthday.

Long Boat Races: A Naval Tradition by Jerry Harlowe (p. 30-31)
The time-honored tradition of boat racing is noted here with anecdotes of several such contests, including one between cutters from the Illinois and the Kearsarge in 1905. The text is illustrated with a portrait of Asst. Surg. Samuel Pellman Boyer, a competition cup, and the crew of the cutter from the Illinois.

Clifford Wentworth Ross by James J. Hennessey (p. 32)
A photograph of Ross wearing the militia uniform of the Fort Harrison Guard of Terre Haute, Ind., illustrates a sketch of his life and military service, including his wounding at the Battle of Shiloh.

A Sharpshooter Turned Cannoneer by Mike Fitzpatrick (p. 33)
Benjamin Franklin Littlefield of Cicero, N.Y., started his service with the 1^st U.S. Sharpshooters. He left the regiment in 1862 with a disability discharge and returned to the army in 1863 with the 11^th New York Heavy Artillery using the name Frank B. Littlefield. He survived the war and died in 1886.

A Death on the Homefront by Ronn Palm (p. 34)
Cyrus Butler began his service in the 11^th Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteers as a first sergeant and was soon promoted to lieutenant. Captured and Gaines’ Mill and wounded at Fredericksburg, he left the regiment in April 1863. He returned to duty during the invasion of Robert E. Lee’s army in the summer of 1863 and remained in uniform until Oct. 30, 1864, when he was killed by a draft dodger resisting arrest.

Naval Friends and Heroes (p. 35)
A biography of two of the Union navy’s most promising young officers, Roswell Hawks Lamson and William B. Cushing.

Yanks in Norway by Knut Erik Strom (p. 36)
Three images of an antebellum and Civil War era military men from the Norwegian Museum of Photography are attributed to a private collection of a man named Preus.

Uniforms & History by Michael J. McAfee (p. 37)
In “The 2^nd New Hampshire Infantry,” McAfee explores the gray jacket worn by the New Englanders. The text is illustrated with a portrait of an unidentified private.

Sutler’s Row (pp. 38-39)

 The Last Shot (p. 40)
A quarter-plate ambrotype from the Kean Wilcox collection pictures a Confederate wearing a coarse jeans cloth coat with buttons made of what appears to be wood or bone.